Grand Theft Auto Online - Wikipedia. Grand Theft Auto Online is a persistent, open worldonline multiplayervideo game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 1 October 2.

Play. Station 3 and Xbox 3. November 2. 01. 4 for Play. Station 4 and Xbox One, with a Microsoft Windows version on 1. April 2. 01. 5. The game is the online multiplayer mode for Grand Theft Auto V. Set within the fictional state of San Andreas (based on Southern California), Grand Theft Auto Online allows up to 3.

The open world design lets players freely roam San Andreas, which includes open countryside and the fictional city of Los Santos (based on Los Angeles). Developed in tandem with the single- player mode, Grand Theft Auto Online was conceived as a separate experience, to be played in a continually evolving world. At launch, it suffered widespread technical issues resulting in the inability to play missions and loss of character data. It initially polarized reviewers, being criticized for its lack of direction and repetitive missions, with praise particularly directed at the scope and open- ended gameplay. It won divided year- end accolades, ranging from Biggest Disappointment to Best Multiplayer, from several gaming publications. The Golden Voyage Of Sinbad Full Movie In English.

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The game receives frequent free updates that further expand on the game modes and content, which has improved critical reception. Gameplay[edit]Developed in tandem with Grand Theft Auto V, Grand Theft Auto Online was conceived as a separate experience to be played in a continually evolving world.[1] Up to 3. The Content Creator toolset lets players create their own parameters for custom jobs, like racetracks and deathmatch weapon spawn points.[4] Players may band together in organised player teams called crews to complete jobs together. Rockstar Games Social Club extends crews formed in Max Payne 3's multiplayer mode to that of Grand Theft Auto Online. Players can create their own crews and join up to five total.

Crews win multiplayer matches to earn experience points and climb online leaderboards.[5]In Grand Theft Auto Online, players create a new character specific to the online world, which shows on the screen's Switch Wheel alongside single- player characters Franklin, Michael, and Trevor.[6] The player- characters are designed by a genetics- related process.[7] Greater control is given to the character's clothes and hairstyles. The mute player- character online avatar arrives in Los Santos by plane and is picked up by Lamar Davis, who gives the character a gun and a car.

An hour- long tutorial introduces the player to the various game modes, driving, fighting, and game progression mechanics.[7] The story is not central in the multiplayer, though it serves as a prequel to the single- player story, where characters from the single- player are woven in.[7]Similar to single- player, players can level up their character's attributes such as driving and stamina. Exclusive to GTA Online is a system of earning experience, usually by successful completion of activities. Accumulating enough experience to level up unlocks weapons, clothing, car customizations, and more advanced activities (such as parachuting and aircraft). Once unlocked, items need to be purchased with in- game currency, which can be earned or purchased with real money. Players can circumvent an activity's level requirements by joining a game with others of a sufficient rank. There are options to play alone or with friends, and an option for "Passive Mode", which makes the player immune to other players.[7]Aside from the open world, there are three main types of set activities: racing (by car, bike, air or boat), Deathmatch (team or free- for- all), and objective- based Contact Missions (simplified single- player- like storyline jobs, usually cooperative).

Online uses lock- on aim and emphasises stealth in firefights. Adversary Mode" adds several asymmetric variations on these activities, including "Siege Mentality" where one team is besieged by another, and "Hasta La Vista" where truckers chase down cyclists (reminiscent of the truck/motorcycle chase in Terminator 2: Judgment Day).

Survival" pits a team of up to four players against ten waves of enemies, similar to the Zombies mode in Call of Duty: Black Ops. The Heists Update released on 1. March 2. 01. 5 adds five co- op elaborate multi- part missions, each mission having several setup jobs leading up to the finale crime which is a high- profit job. The player who is the heist leader has to unlock each heist in order and pay the upfront costs, while receiving the largest payoff (at the end, if successfully completed) and getting their progress saved, while other players (the crew members) can join any setup/finale jobs without prerequisite and get paid a cut for each mission passed. The heists, all requiring four players except the first which is two- player, often assign specific roles to players such as driver, gunner, etc. The game includes a content creation tool that lets players make automobile races and deathmatches.[6] Players can choose the location, start and spawn points, and weapon and vehicle drops in deathmatches, and the location, route, race type, and player count in air, land, or sea races. Creations have to be tested against computer- controlled players before the mode is available online.

The creations can also be published for others to use. Rockstar tags what they deem to be the best as "Rockstar Verified".[1. Development[edit]Grand Theft Auto Online launched on 1 October 2. Grand Theft Auto V.[1. Many players reported that they had difficulties connecting to the game's servers and the Social Club web service, and others further reported that the game would freeze while loading early missions.[1. Rockstar released a technical patch on 5 October in an effort to resolve the issues.[1.

The microtransaction system, which allows players to purchase game content using real money, was also suspended as a fail- safe.[1. Problems persisted the second week following launch, and some players reported their player- character progress as having disappeared.[1. Another technical patch was released on 1. October combating the issues, and players experiencing issues were told not to recreate their multiplayer avatars.[1. As recompense for the technical issues, Rockstar offered a stimulus of GTA $5. Online since launch.[1. Take- Two Interactive, Rockstar's parent company, stated that by February 2.

Grand Theft Auto Online is a persistent, open world online multiplayer video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 1. · I use BlackBoxServers. http:// $10 setup fee and $20 a month for a 16 slot server. Very few issues.

Internet access had played Grand Theft Auto Online, and that the game's microtransactions system was the largest contributor to the company's digital revenue since the launch of Grand Theft Auto Online.[1. In December 2. 01. Rockstar announced that they planned to release downloadable content in 2. Rockstar announced in September 2. Play. Station 3 and Xbox 3. This was criticised by Forbes writer Paul Tassi, who felt that Rockstar was "cutting out a lot of potential customers" who continued to play on the older systems, adding that the re- releases on Play. Station 4 and Xbox One were lacking in additional content.[2.

Additional content[edit]Post- release content is continually added to Grand Theft Auto Online and the single- player mode of Grand Theft Auto V through free title updates. The Beach Bum update, released on 1. November 2. 01. 3, added more beach- themed jobs and customisation content for players.[2.

In December, Rockstar announced that they plan to release downloadable content in 2. The Deathmatch & Race Creators update was released on 1. December and lets players create their own deathmatches and races.[2. The Capture Update was released on 1. December and adds a new team- based capture the flag mode called Capture.[2.

On 2. 4 December, the Holiday Gifts update added Christmas- themed items to the online mode. It also gave players discounts on in- game vehicles, weapons, apartments and other items. The items and discounts were available until 5 January 2. The update also added snowfall to the game world during Christmas.[2.

Global Risks Report 2. Reports. Every step forward in artificial intelligence (AI) challenges assumptions about what machines can do. Myriad opportunities for economic benefit have created a stable flow of investment into AI research and development, but with the opportunities come risks to decision- making, security and governance. Increasingly intelligent systems supplanting both blue- and white- collar employees are exposing the fault lines in our economic and social systems and requiring policy- makers to look for measures that will build resilience to the impact of automation. Leading entrepreneurs and scientists are also concerned about how to engineer intelligent systems as these systems begin implicitly taking on social obligations and responsibilities, and several of them penned an Open Letter on Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence in late 2. Whether or not we are comfortable with AI may already be moot: more pertinent questions might be whether we can and ought to build trust in systems that can make decisions beyond human oversight that may have irreversible consequences.

Growing Investment, Benefits and Potential Risk. By providing new information and improving decision- making through data- driven strategies, AI could potentially help to solve some of the complex global challenges of the 2. Start- ups specializing in AI applications received US$2. US$1. 5 billion in the first half of 2. Government programmes and existing technology companies add further billions (Figure 3.

Leading players are not just hiring from universities, they are hiring the universities: Amazon, Google and Microsoft have moved to funding professorships and directly acquiring university researchers in the search for competitive advantage. Machine learning techniques are now revealing valuable patterns in large data sets and adding value to enterprises by tackling problems at a scale beyond human capability. For example, Stanford’s computational pathologist (C- Path) has highlighted unnoticed indicators for breast cancer by analysing thousands of cellular features on hundreds of tumour images,4 while Deep.

Mind increased the power usage efficiency of Alphabet Inc.’s data centres by 1. AI applications can reduce costs and improve diagnostics with staggering speed and surprising creativity. The generic term AI covers a wide range of capabilities and potential capabilities. Some serious thinkers fear that AI could one day pose an existential threat: a “superintelligence” might pursue goals that prove not to be aligned with the continued existence of humankind.

Such fears relate to “strong” AI or “artificial general intelligence” (AGI), which would be the equivalent of human- level awareness, but which does not yet exist. Current AI applications are forms of “weak” or “narrow” AI or “artificial specialized intelligence” (ASI); they are directed at solving specific problems or taking actions within a limited set of parameters, some of which may be unknown and must be discovered and learned. Tasks such as trading stocks, writing sports summaries, flying military planes and keeping a car within its lane on the highway are now all within the domain of ASI. As ASI applications expand, so do the risks of these applications operating in unforeseeable ways or outside the control of humans. The 2. 01. 0 and 2.

ASI applications can have unanticipated real- world impacts, while Alpha. Go shows how ASI can surprise human experts with novel but effective tactics (Box 3.

In combination with robotics, AI applications are already affecting employment and shaping risks related to social inequality. AI has great potential to augment human decision- making by countering cognitive biases and making rapid sense of extremely large data sets: at least one venture capital firm has already appointed an AI application to help determine its financial decisions. Gradually removing human oversight can increase efficiency and is necessary for some applications, such as automated vehicles.

However, there are dangers in coming to depend entirely on the decisions of AI systems when we do not fully understand how the systems are making those decisions. Box 3. 2. 1: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Warfareby Jean- Marc Rickli, Geneva Centre for Security Policy. One sector that saw the huge disruptive potential of AI from an early stage is the military. The weaponization of AI will represent a paradigm shift in the way wars are fought, with profound consequences for international security and stability. Serious investment in autonomous weapon systems (AWS) began a few years ago; in July 2.

Pentagon’s Defense Science Board published its first study on autonomy, but there is no consensus yet on how to regulate the development of these weapons. The international community started to debate the emerging technology of lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS) in the framework of the United Nations Convention on Conventional Weapon (CCW) in 2. Yet, so far, states have not agreed on how to proceed.

Those calling for a ban on AWS fear that human beings will be removed from the loop, leaving decisions on the use lethal force to machines, with ramifications we do not yet understand. There are lessons here from non- military applications of AI. Consider the example of Alpha. Go, the AI Go- player created by Google’s Deep. Mind division, which in March last year beat the world’s second- best human player. Some of Alpha. Go’s moves puzzled observers, because they did not fit usual human patterns of play.

Deep. Mind CEO Demis Hassabis explained the reason for this difference as follows: “unlike humans, the Alpha. Go program aims to maximize the probability of winning rather than optimizing margins”.

If this binary logic – in which the only thing that matters is winning while the margin of victory is irrelevant – were built into an autonomous weapons system, it would lead to the violation of the principle of proportionality, because the algorithm would see no difference between victories that required it to kill one adversary or 1,0. Autonomous weapons systems will also have an impact on strategic stability. Since 1. 94. 5, the global strategic balance has prioritized defensive systems – a priority that has been conducive to stability because it has deterred attacks. However, the strategy of choice for AWS will be based on swarming, in which an adversary’s defence system is overwhelmed with a concentrated barrage of coordinated simultaneous attacks. This risks upsetting the global equilibrium by neutralizing the defence systems on which it is founded.

This would lead to a very unstable international configuration, encouraging escalation and arms races and the replacement of deterrence by pre- emption. We may already have passed the tipping point for prohibiting the development of these weapons. An arms race in autonomous weapons systems is very likely in the near future.

The international community should tackle this issue with the utmost urgency and seriousness because, once the first fully autonomous weapons are deployed, it will be too late to go back. Risks to Decision- Making, Security and Safety. In any complex and chaotic system, including AI systems, potential dangers include mismanagement, design vulnerabilities, accidents and unforeseen occurrences.

These pose serious challenges to ensuring the security and safety of individuals, governments and enterprises. It may be tolerable for a bug to cause an AI mobile phone application to freeze or misunderstand a request, for example, but when an AI weapons system or autonomous navigation system encounters a mistake in a line of code, the results could be lethal.

Machine- learning algorithms can also develop their own biases, depending on the data they analyse. For example, an experimental Twitter account run by an AI application ended up being taken down for making socially unacceptable remarks; 1.